Ctional sample at baseline and by no means smokers at followup, Vallejo, CACharacteristics at baseline Crosssectional analysis (n ,) Variable n Sociodemographics Gender (Male) Race African American AsianPacific Islander White Other Ethnicity (Hispanic) Grade level Baseline survey year Retail tobacco marketing exposure Purchasing frequency (visits per week) Brand recognition Camel (menthol) Marlboro Newport (menthol) Other threat things for smoking Gradepoint typical Unsupervised days after school Risktaking propensity At the least smoker at household A minimum of buddy smokes Ever smoked, at the very least a puff . . . … . . . ..Abarelix Solvent Excluded from evaluation .. . …. . .. …… ….. … .. ……Sample or M (SD) Longitudinal evaluation (n ,) Variable n Sample or M (SD)Note Purchasing frequency is sum of visits per week for 3 store sorts (convenience, small market place, and liquor).deliver the brand name for Camel, for Marlboro, and for Newport.As shown in Figure , a considerably higher proportion of African Americans recognized the Newport brand than other students.Conversely, a drastically smaller proportion of African American students recognized Marlboro than other students.After adjusting for purchasing frequency, other risk variables for smoking, and sociodemographics, the association of race and brand recognition persisted.The odds of recognizing the Newport brand was 3 times higher for AfricanAmerican students than other students (OR CI p ) although AfricanAmerican students have been considerably significantly less most likely than other folks to recognize the Marlboro brand (OR CI p ).There were no important racial variations in recognition of your Camel brand.Hispanic students were significantly less most likely than others to recognize Newport (OR CI p ).Other significant predictors of recognition for all three brands were living having a smoker and risktaking propensity.Also, older students and those who had ever smoked were much more most likely to recognize Newport and Camel (information not shown).Longitudinal cohortNever smokers who have been lost to followup had been a lot more likely to be boys (.vs .; p ), Hispanic (.vs .; p ), younger (grade level .vsDauphinee et al.BMC Public Wellness , www.biomedcentral.comPage of…………Camel Marlboro Newport ….African American All other racesFigure Brand recognition by AfricanAmerican students versus all other races.chisquare test p .Note Values are observed.; p ), and to report reduced grades (GPA .vs .; p ) and more store visits (.vs .; p ).African American youth were not more probably than other races to be lost to followup.No variations have been observed for the other covariates, including household smoking, peer smoking, unsupervised days right after college, or risktaking propensity.Also, never smokers PubMed ID:http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/21331628 who have been lost to followup did not differ in the analysis sample on brand recognition measures (Camel p Marlboro p Newport p ).The incidence of smoking initiation at followup was in addition to a higher proportion of AfricanAmerican students initiated smoking than other students (vs ; p ).In an unadjusted HGLM, recognition of Newport predicted smoking initiation (p ) but neither Camel nor Marlboro recognition had a substantial relationship with smoking initiation (p .and p respectively; information not shown).Table presents the odds ratios and confidence intervals from three HGLMs predicting smoking initiation.Every single model has a brandspecific predictor for recognition and is adjusted for all variables listed within the table.The odds of smoking i.