G: This work was supported by grants in the Japan Society for the Promotion of Science (20K22969) to M.M.C.-R. (80272152; 18H04061) and to C.C. Institutional Assessment Board Statement: All experimental protocols had been approved by the University of Tsukuba Security Committee for Recombinant DNA Experiments (Code: 170110 from 1 December 2017) in which the policy with the Animal Care and Use Committee in University of Tsukuba is incorporated. Informed Consent Statement: Not applicable. Information Availability Statement: All data employed in this study are Ceftiofur (hydrochloride) Purity & Documentation obtainable from the corresponding author upon affordable request. Acknowledgments: We thank all members of the Japan Newt Research Neighborhood (JNRC) and the Newtic Organ Regeneration Forum for their valuable comments and discussion, and also the citizens of Toride City for helping us using the every day upkeep of the newts. Conflicts of Interest: The authors declare no conflict of interest.Biomedicines 2021, 9,17 of
biomedicinesArticlePhoenixin as a brand new Target within the Development of Methods for Endometriosis Diagnosis and TreatmentKarolina Iwona Kulinska 1, , Miroslaw Andrusiewicz 1, , Anna Dera-Szymanowska two, , Maria Billert 3 , Marek Skrzypski 3 , Krzysztof Szymanowski two,four , Ewa Nowak-Markwitz 5 , Malgorzata Kotwicka 1 and Maria Wolun-Cholewa 1, Citation: Kulinska, K.I.; Andrusiewicz, M.; Dera-Szymanowska, A.; Billert, M.; Skrzypski, M.; Szymanowski, K.; Nowak-Markwitz, E.; Kotwicka, M.; Wolun-Cholewa, M. Phoenixin as a new Target inside the Improvement of Techniques for Endometriosis Diagnosis and Therapy. Biomedicines 2021, 9, 1427. https://doi.org/10.3390/ biomedicines9101427 Academic Editor: Nikolaos Machairiotis Received: 30 August 2021 Accepted: five October 2021 Published: 9 OctoberChair and Department of Cell Biology, Poznan University of Health-related Sciences, Rokietnicka 5D, 60-806 Poznan, Poland; [email protected] (M.A.); [email protected] (M.K.) Clinic of Perinatology and Gynaecology, Poznan University of Healthcare Sciences, Polna 33, 60-535 Poznan, Poland; [email protected] (A.D.-S.); [email protected] (K.S.) Division of Animal Physiology, Biochemistry and Biostructure, Poznan University of Life Sciences, Wolynska 35, 60-637 Poznan, Poland; [email protected] (M.B.); [email protected] (M.S.) Chair and Department of Health-related Education, Poznan University of Medical Sciences, Rokietnicka 7, 60-806 Poznan, Poland Gynecologic Oncology Department, Poznan University of Medical Sciences, Polna 33, 60-535 Poznan, Poland; [email protected] Correspondence: [email protected] (K.I.K.); [email protected] (M.W.-C.) These authors contribute equally to this perform.Abstract: Tiny integral membrane protein 20/phoenixin (SMIM20/PNX) and its receptor GPR173 (G Protein-Coupled Receptor 173) play a part within the regulation with the hypothalamic ituitary onadal axis (HPG). The aim with the study was to ascertain PNX, FSH, LH, and 17-estradiol association in girls with endometriosis, and also the expression of SMIM20/PNX signaling through GPR173. Serum PNX, FSH, LH, and 17-estradiol concentrations have been measured by enzyme and electrochemiluminescence immunoassay. SMIM20/PNX and GPR173 expression inside the eutopic and ectopic endometrium was assessed by qPCR and immunohistochemistry. Cyclic diadenylate (sodium);Cyclic-di-AMP (sodium) Epigenetics Lowered PNX level, elevated LH/FSH ratio and elevated 17-estradiol concentration were located in sufferers with endometriosis. No variations in SMIM20 expression had been observed involving the studied endometria. GPR173 expression was lower in ecto.