Rms the locating of Song et al. [12] relating to the presence of a thin film among HNMPA Biological Activity droplets in the course of dropwise condensation of steam on a steel surface. In summary, our outcomes show that neither nucleation theory nor film rupture theory can individually clarify the mechanism of dropwise condensation. Hence, there is a will need for any more extensive theory to explain the physics of dropwise condensation. Future perform must quantitatively study the parameters affecting the development of the thin-film between droplets along with the effect of thin-film around the heat transfer rate.Author Contributions: Conceptualization, S.B.A.; methodology, S.B.A.; application, S.B.A.; validation, S.B.A.; formal evaluation, S.B.A.; investigation, S.B.A.; resources, C.K.C.; data curation, S.B.A.; writing–original draft preparation, S.B.A.; writing–review and editing, S.B.A., K.-B.L. and C.K.C.; visualization, S.B.A.; supervision, C.K.C.; project administration, C.K.C.; funding acquisition, K.-B.L. All authors have read and agreed for the published version with the manuscript. Funding: This analysis received no external funding. Conflicts of Interest: The authors Inhibitor| declare no conflict of interest.
applied sciencesArticleNovel Sodium Alginate/Polyvinylpyrrolidone/TiO2 Nanocomposite for Effective Removal of Cationic Dye from Aqueous SolutionNoha A. Elessawy 1, , Marwa H. Gouda 1 , Mohamed S. Elnouby 1 , Hoda F. Zahran two , Aly Hashim 1 , Mona M. Abd El-Latif 1 and Diogo M. F. Santos three, Advanced Technologies and New Materials Analysis Institute (ATNMRI), City of Scientific Study and Technological Applications (SRTA-City), New Borg El-Arab City, Alexandria P.O. Box 21934, Egypt; [email protected] (M.H.G.); [email protected] (M.S.E.); [email protected] (A.H.); [email protected] (M.M.A.E.-L.) Atmosphere and Organic Components Analysis Institute, City of Scientific Research and Technological Applications (SRTA-City), New Borg El-Arab City, Alexandria P.O. Box 21934, Egypt; [email protected] Center of Physics and Engineering of Sophisticated Materials (CeFEMA), Instituto Superior T nico, Universidade de Lisboa, 1049-001 Lisbon, Portugal Correspondence: [email protected] (N.A.E.); [email protected] (D.M.F.S.)Featured Application: Novel SA/PVP/TiO2 nanocomposite beads is usually made use of as an efficient, ecofriendly adsorbent-photocatalyst for treating cationic dye-contaminated wastewaters. Abstract: The combination of adsorption and photodegradation processes is definitely an powerful strategy for the removal of dye contaminants from water, which is motivating the improvement of novel adsorbent-photocatalyst components for wastewater therapy. Herein, novel nanocomposite porous beads were created utilizing titanium dioxide (TiO2 ) nanotubes embedded inside a sodium alginate (SA)/polyvinylpyrrolidone (PVP) matrix working with calcium chloride answer as a crosslinker. The ready nanocomposite beads’ overall performance was examined as an adsorbent-photocatalyst for the breakdown of methylene blue in aqueous options. Several operation components influencing the dye decomposition approach, which includes photocatalyst dosage, illumination time, light intensity, and stability have been investigated. The findings demonstrated that the removal activity of your beads changed using the TiO2 weight ratio inside the composite. It was discovered that SA/PVP/TiO2 -3 nanocomposite beads presented the greatest deterioration efficiency for methylene blue dye (98.9 ). The cycling capability and reusability from the prep.